​Hairy (Dryobates villosus) and Downy (Dryobates pubescens) Woodpeckers look so similar that it’s easy for beginner birders to get confused when trying to tell them apart.

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But fret no more! Once you learn a few simple tricks, you’ll be an ace at identifying them—well, except when they’re way, way up in a tree. Then even experienced birders find themselves muttering, “Hmm… Hairy or Downy?” I will break it down by three important features: 

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1. Size:

The Hairy Woodpecker is much larger than the Downy. If you are hosting both at your feeding station, the size difference will be easy to spot when they visit. But what if there’s nothing nearby for comparison?

 

2. Tail Feathers:

Take a look at the outer tail feathers. The Downy (on the left in both photos) has black bars or spots on its white tail feathers, while the Hairy’s tail is clean white. Keep in mind that sometimes those markings are hidden, so you’ll need a backup clue.

 

3. Bill Shape:

The best way to tell them apart? The bill. The Downy’s bill is short—almost like a little nubbin compared to most woodpeckers—while the Hairy’s bill is long and chisel-like, nearly the length of its head.

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Once you remember to focus in on these three clues, you'll find yourself identifying these woodpeckers at a glance!